As much as 70 percent of an individual dog’s immune system is in the gut and influenced by the microbiome. This review paper aims to provide an overview on the current knowledge of factors shaping the gut microbiota of young dogs. Evidence-based information is necessary to advise dog breeders and owners to promote a healthy microbiome and lifestyle in puppies*.
Microorganisms of the gastrointestinal tract play a crucial role in the health, metabolism, and development of their host by modulating vital functions such as digestion, production of key metabolites or stimulation of the immune system.”
Source: Frontiers in Veterinary Science, September 2, 2022. Link. The early neonatal period is a critical phase for puppies, during which the gut microbiota develops and modulates a healthy environment in the gastro-intestinal tract with long-term effect on the health of the puppy. This impact of the microbiota on health is dependent on its composition and how it evolves during the early growth.
* Knowledge remains limited, as most studies involving dog microbiota focus on adult individuals rather than puppies. There are very few data available on dogs younger than 4 weeks old.
Also see: The amazing world of the canine gut microbiome, Morris Animal Foundation, May 6, 2020. Link.