Researchers believe they have found 11 DNA regions associated with dog behavior. Their research is one of the first papers to include impressive dog genomics work using mixed breed dogs.
On average, breed accounts for only about 9 percent of the variations in any given dog’s behavior . . . heritability for the behaviors studied was 25 percent . . .”
Source: New York Times, April 28, 2022. Link. What the genome wide study means is that dog behaviors are strongly inherited. They noted the genes that shape whether your dog is friendly, aggressive or aloof date from long before the 19th century when most modern breeds were created.
NOTE: Unlike most scientific research, any dog owner can help with this project. There are still more dogs wanted. Sign up at the Darwin’s Ark project. Link.