Blister beetles secrete cantharidin to defend themselves from predators through a process called reactive bleeding. Cantharidin is also released when beetles are crushed.
Blister beetles are members of a family of plant-feeding insects (Meloidae) that contain cantharidin, a toxic defensive chemical that protects them from predators. Accidentally crushing a beetle against the skin can result in a painful blister, the source of the insect’s common name.
If whole or partial insects are incorporated in bales, livestock can experience mouth sores, digestive issues, kidney damage, and even death.
Sources:
- Beware of blister beetles, Hay and Forage Grower, July 12, 2022. Link.
- Blister beetles of Texas, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension, May 2013. Link.
- Male accessory glands of blister beetles and cantharidin release: a comparative ultrastructural analysis, MDPI, January 26, 2022. Link.
- Blister beetle entomology, University of Kentucky Entomology. Link.
Also see: Cantharidin Poisoning (Blister Beetle Poisoning), Merck Veterinary Manual, Pet Owner version, October 2022. Link.
INSIGHTS: This information is important for cattle producers, horse owners and pet owners with insect curious dogs and cats.